CLINICAL ANATOMY OF KNEE JOINT

DESCRIPTION:

Knee Joint, also termed as tibiofibular joint is one of the most important joint in human body which helps in movement and weight bearing. Knee Joint is encased by a capsule filled with fluid called synovial fluid. It is a complex joint contains great clinical significance.

TYPE:

Synovial Hinge Joint

LIGAMENTS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS:

The Ligaments Of Knee Joint are divided under two categories:

      1) Extracapsular Ligaments

      2) Intracapsular Ligaments

EXTRACAPSULAR LIGAMENTS:

LIGAMENTS	FUNCTIONS
Patellar Ligament	Connects Patella with Tibia
Medial Collateral Ligament	Prevents lateral displacement of knee joint
Lateral Collateral Ligament	Prevents medial displacement of knee joint

INTRACAPSULAR LIGAMENTS:

LIGAMENTS	FUNCTIONS
Medial & Lateral Menisci	Act as a shock absorber
Anterior Cruciate Ligament	Prevents the knee from Hyperextension
Posterior Cruciate Ligament	Supports the posterior side of the knee

CLINICAL CASES:

    ·      During sports or any strenous activities, If a blow (any       hard objects) hits the medial side of the knee joint,             Lateral Collateral Ligament will most likely to be           injured.

    ·      During sports or any strenous activities, If a blow              (any hard objects) hits the lateral side of the knee joint,      Medial Collateral Ligament will most likely to be          injured.

    ·      In an accident, in which knee becomes hyperextended      above its normal range of motion, Anterior Cruciate          Ligament will most likely to be teared. (Anterior                Cruciate Ligament injury is common as compared to        Posterior Cruciate Ligament)

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